A New Breed Of Energy And Weight Management!
A newly discovered, natural compound has been found that offers substantial
benefits for overweight consumers. This patented plant extract is found exclusively in
Formula 9, along with a proprietary mixture of additional energy- and weight-loss promoting
ingredients... which have been specifically formulated to deliver an entirely
new breed of powerful and effective ergogenic diet aids.
The Study: Patented Plant Extract Induces Weight Loss and Increases the Lean to
Fat Mass Ratio in Humans
Central to the effectiveness of Formula 9 is the presence of the new weight-loss
agent. In a recent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 50 volunteers with a
Body Mass Index (BMI) over 25 (moderately to severely obese) were randomized to two
groups receiving either placebo capsules or a capsules containing 200 mg of the novel
standardized extract (called CAE) found in Formula 9. Each volunteer took one capsule
with each main meal, two a day, for 60 days. All subjects were instructed to follow a low calorie
diet plan and not to change any of their physical activities. At the end of the 60-
day study, the treatment group experienced a mean reduction in weight of about 11
pounds (5.7%) that was highly statistically different from the smaller weight reduction
experienced by the placebo group (only 5.4 pounds (2.9%)(p<0.00001). Consequently,
the BMI decreased significantly in the experimental CAE group compared to the placebo
group. Moreover, the muscle mass/fat mass ratio increased significantly in the treatment
group compared to the control group: 2.03 (4%) vs. 0.6 (1.5%) respectively (p<0.013).
The sizeable decrease of body weight, BMI, and fat mass observed in the
treatment group demonstrates that the Formula 9 CAE is able to significantly intensify
weight loss in a group of volunteers ingesting a low-caloric diet. (The object of the low caloric
diet was to lower the carbohydrate load, which would account for the modest
weight loss seen in the placebo group.) The additional, substantial weight loss is
postulated to be due to the ability of CAE to inhibit both glucose absorption and the
activity of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase. The latter activity would limit the release
of glucose into the general circulation and therefore limit insulinemia, which would in
turn limit fat storage and new body fat formation and lead to utilization of the fat reserves
for energy.
How CAE Works
Proper glucose metabolism is fundamental to effective weight management.
Maintaining a normal blood glucose concentration is a finely balanced equilibrium
between food intake, energy expenditure and the mechanisms by which glucose is stored
or, is released into the blood. The human clinical study using the standardized, highly
purified CAE targeted weight loss via an activity on postprandial blood glucose
concentration (PBGC). PBGC is the fancy term referring to the amount of sugar
remaining in your blood after eating a meal (the italicized terms are synonymous). This
figure varies according to the composition of the meal but in every case is accompanied
by an increase in the secretion of insulin and a decrease in the synthesis of glucagon. This
hormonal activity results in the decrease of blood sugar by increasing its storage as
glycogen in the liver or muscles (and in the form of fat (triglycerides) in fat cells, if
glycogen storage areas fill up). This is called the 'absorption phase,' as the sugar is being
absorbed from the blood.
Over time (toward the end of the absorption phase or when fasting), the plasma
glucose level decreases and reversal of the hormonal regulation occurs such that insulin
levels drop and the secretion of glucagon increases. This activity results in the release of
muscle glycogen for use as energy. High levels of glucagon will act to produce fatty acids
from stored fat.
The Role of Chlorogenic Acid in CAE
Chlorogenic acids are a group of esters of varying composition. The most
common of these esters is 5-caffeoylquinic acid. It is commonly called "chlorogenic
acid" in research papers, but this term may also be used to refer to other esters in the mix found in CAE. Hence, for the sake of simplicity, the term chlorogenic acid (CA) will be used in this paper as a generic term for all members of the ester group.
If the results of the study are indicative, the presence of CA in the CAE increased
the effectiveness of reduced GI by a significant margin. This was not an unexpected
outcome. Rather, it was a reasonable and predicted result, based on the observations of a
number of scientific papers describing the action of CA on a number of related
parameters. One of the most important of those actions is a postprandial reduction in the
absorption of glucose from the intestines. Decreased glucose absorption means less
excess glucose in the blood, an eventual decrease in insulin resistance, a propensity for
greater fat burning activity in liver and muscle cells, reduced fat storage and loss of body
weight. The specific mode of action is an inhibitory effect on the sodium ion
electrochemical gradient which draws glucose into the cells (enterocytes) lining the gut.
This appears to be a dose-dependant phenomenon (in rats the effect has been as high as
80%). In a human study it was found that CA significantly attenuated the postprandial
release of GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide). The GIP response is
directly related to the amount of glucose absorbed at the intestinal barrier; hence, a
decrease in GIP reflects a decrease in glucose absorption.
Another manner in which CA decreases the blood glucose load is through the
inhibition of an enzyme known as glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P). G6P plays an important
role in the homeostatic control of blood sugar concentration. Present only in the liver, it is
really an enzyme system and is responsible for the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate
into glucose capable of passing into the general circulation. Inhibition of G6P causes a
reduction in the liver's production of glucose and consequently decreases abnormally
high levels of glucose in the blood. All sugars from the diet are transformed into G6P,
which will be stored as glycogen because they cannot be broken down into glucose and
released into the blood by G6P. Animal studies indicate that CA improves sensitivity to
insulin by improving the distribution of minerals and by reducing peripheral insulin
resistance.
To summarize the body of work done on chlorogenic acid, the following sequence
of events will occur following its regular consumption:
- A reduction in the intestinal absorption of glucose.
- Inhibition of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P).
- Inhibition of the release of hepatic glucose originating from:
- the diet
- glycogenolyis (the creation of glucose from glycogen)
- gluconeogenesis (the formation of glucose, especially by the liver,
from noncarbohydrate sources, such as amino acids and the glycerol
portion of fats).
- Lowering of blood glucose concentration.
- A decrease in the secretion of insulin and an increase in the secretion of
glucagon.
- Mobilization of fat reserves to supply energy required by muscles and other
tissues.
- The burning of free fatty acids for the production of energy in cellular energy
cycles.
An Important Note About CAE Extraction
In order to produce this extract with proven weight-reducing activity, the raw
material must undergo considerable processing. The desired end result is a product
standardized to specific levels of chlorogenic acids and 5-caffeoylquinic acid. However,
proper, safe CAE extraction requires and additional processing step: the removal of
potentially harmful diterpines. Until this crucial additional processing step was
accomplished (and we know of only one manufacturing who takes this important last
step), we had not considered CAE suitable for long-term human consumption. Now that a
diterpene-free extract is available, it has become the major weight-loss component of
Formula 9™ and is exclusive to this product.
NOTE: Any compound that claims to be CAE, but which fails to remove
diterpenes is unsuitable for use in humans.
CAE and Xanthines
Xanthines constitute a family of stimulants that work primarily through the
central nervous system and the sympathetic division of the peripheral nervous system.
They produce a release of both neurotransmitters and hormones. Two of the most
important of these hormones are adrenaline and noradrenalin, which produce an almost
immediate effect on vigilance and a more sustained effect on stamina. Xanthines are
rapidly absorbed in the intestine (80%) and the stomach (20%). Because of their
lipophilic nature, they rapidly penetrate cell membranes and easily cross the blood-brain
barrier.
A good deal of the research on xanthines has shown that they exert their
ergogenic properties in two ways. First, they energize the central nervous system, which
results in the nearly immediate increase in mental clarity. Second, and equally important,
they stimulate lipolysis in fat cells, thereby providing cellular fuel to meet the needs of
people involved in prolonged physical or mental exertion, as is required in a typical day's
work or play output. Lipolysis is the process whereby stored body fat is converted into
forms the body uses for short term and long term energy production.
Recently, the armed forces of the United States and Canada have become
seriously interested in the possible application of xanthines as a method for increasing the
performance of soldiers under acute and chronic stress. When people are exposed to
several stressors, mental and physical performance is substantially degraded. The military
was the first to recognize the serious lack of procedures for counteracting this problem.
Astute students of military history, however, would have noticed that plant materials
containing xanthines have often been used by military personnel to ward off sleepiness while on guard duty and to maintain vigilance under combat situations lasting for several days without relief.
In one of the most rigorous experimental investigations of the possible role of a
trimethylxanthine to offset acute stress, researchers at the U.S. Army Research Institute
of Environmental Medicine, in conjunction with scientists from Tufts University and
Pennington Biomedical Research Laboratory, examined whether moderate doses of this
xanthine would reduce adverse effects of sleep deprivation and exposure to severe,
multifactor, environmental and operational stress on mental performance. In this study,
U.S. Navy Sea-Air-Land (SEAL) trainees received either placebo or xanthine capsules
after 3 days of sleep deprivation and continuous exposure to other stressors, including
running, lifting, paddling, swimming, calisthenics and other rigors inflicted during the
appropriately named "Hell Week" period of training.
As might be expected, sleep loss and exposure to other severe stressors resulted in
a profound deterioration in all aspects of cognitive function assessed. Measured against
placebo, the xanthine-treated group experienced a significant improvement in visual
vigilance, reaction time, repeated acquisition and self-reported fatigue and sleepiness,
with the greatest effects on vigilance, reaction time and alertness. Interestingly,
marksmanship, a task that could be affected by shakiness or jitteriness, was not affected
by xanthine. The researchers concluded that even under the most adverse conditions,
moderate doses of xanthine can improve cognitive function, including vigilance, learning,
memory and mood state.
Other studies have yielded similar results. For example, in a study carried out
under the Defense R&D of Canada, a group of civilian and military personnel were
enlisted in a trial to examine the duration of xanthine's ergogenic effect and whether it
differs between users and non-users of the substance. In this trial, patients were required
to ride to exhaustion on a stationary bicycle, following consumption of 5 mg/kg of
trimethylxanthine. In the end, the compound allowed the subjects to exercise for about
1/2 hour longer, and the non-users benefited slightly more than the users (about 5
minutes). Not only the duration but the magnitude of response was greater. The
energizing effect achieved through xanthine ingestion has been demonstrated in several
other studies.
As mentioned above, xanthines exert two primary actions that can account for the
observed enhancement of mental and physical performance. First, xanthines are
universally recognized for their ability to augment central nervous system function. This
probably accounts for much of the immediate effect on mental clarity, learning, vigilance,
etc. Second, the quick effect on the nervous system would only be expected to last for a
few minutes in the absence of added fuel in the form of glucose and, indirectly, from
increased free fatty acid concentration throughout the rest of the body. The extended
release of xanthines in Formula 9™ means that fuel in the form of free fatty acids will be
available throughout the day, thereby helping to extend for hours the positive effects on
mental and physical function.
Incidentally, the usefulness of xanthines is not restricted to any particular sex or
age group. Indeed, it has been shown that the elderly experience a decreased ability to
mobilize fat in response to exercise. In this age group, research has found that xanthines
augment fat mobilization as they do in the young, but to a lesser degree. In other words,
the elderly need all the help they can get, and xanthines should be a great aid.
The presence of modest amounts of xanthine in CAE helps contribute to its
overall beneficial effects in the management of weight. Formula 9 is improved even
further by the addition of xanthines (primarily in the form of trimethylxanthine) from
several plant sources.
Additional Elements of The Formula 9™ Blend
Complementing the patented CAE in Formula 9 is a group of ingredients designed
to enhance the energy and weight-loss properties of CAE. In particular, additional
trimethylxanthine has been incorporated to provide an even greater energy boost (see
discussion of xanthines above). Other methylxanthines-containing plants are included to
improve the overall xanthine composition of the product for an even better energy profile.
Ingredients for the modification of so-called cellular second messengers are included to
improve the efficiency of the fat burning (lipolytic) properties of the plant through the
augmentation of catecholamine metabolism.
Formula 9™: Unsurpassed Weight Control and Energy
Formula 9 is the first of a new breed of energy and weight-control agents,
designed to target overweight concerns where they start, namely the 2-hour period
directly following the consumption of a meal. Formula 9 is designed to keep the sugar out
of the blood and to prevent fat formation at the earliest possible stage.
In addition, Formula 9 incorporates an extra but very important component for
consumers trying to lose weight. Formula 9 delivers a significant energy boost to meet
the daily energy demands and encourage fat burning.
The result......Formula 9 is an extremely effective weight-loss, fat-loss and energy
formula that offers consumers a superior alternative to traditional, last-generation weight
control. Formula 9 does indeed set a new standard.
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